Choosing Between Immunotherapy Methods For Lasting Allergy Relief
Did you know that more than a quarter of U.S. adults and children have at least one allergy, according to the CDC? Nearly 1 in 3 adults and more than 1 in 4 children in the U.S. report suffering from seasonal allergies—affecting everything from sleep to focus to quality of life. If you’re one of them, you’ve probably tried a variety of solutions just to get through the day.
For many, short-term relief from over-the-counter medications isn’t enough. That’s where long-term allergy treatments like allergy shots and allergy drops come in. But how do you know which one is the best fit for you? We’ll break down the key differences between these two treatments to help you make an informed decision and find lasting allergy relief.
What Are Allergy Shots? How Subcutaneous Immunotherapy Works
Allergy shots, or subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), have been used for decades and are considered a gold standard for treating a broad range of allergens. This treatment involves injecting small but increasing doses of allergens under the skin to train the immune system to tolerate them over time.
There are two main phases of allergy shots:
- Build-up phase: Weekly injections with increasing doses for 3 to 6 months.
- Maintenance phase: Once the effective dose is reached, shots are given every 3 to 4 weeks for several years.
This method is ideal for patients with moderate to severe allergies caused by environmental triggers such as pollen, pet dander, mold, dust mites, and insect venom.
What Are Allergy Drops? A Guide to Sublingual Immunotherapy
Allergy drops, also known as sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), involve placing liquid drops containing allergen extracts under the tongue daily. Unlike allergy shots, this treatment can be done at home, offering convenience and flexibility.
This approach gradually trains the immune system through absorption in the mouth’s mucous membrane. Many allergy doctors suggest allergy drops for individuals with mild to moderate allergies, particularly when treating specific allergens like grass, ragweed, or dust mites.
Which Treatment Is More Effective?
Both allergy shots and drops aim to reduce your sensitivity to allergens by training your immune system over time. However, their effectiveness varies depending on factors like the severity of your allergies, the type of allergens involved, and how closely you follow the treatment plan.
How Effective Are Allergy Shots?
According to the Mayo Clinic, allergy shots are a form of immunotherapy that gradually reduce allergy symptoms. Most people begin to see improvement within the first year, with significant relief by the second. By the third year, many experience minimal reactions, and some no longer need ongoing treatment.
Allergy shots are especially effective for those with multiple environmental allergies, offering not only symptom control but also the potential for lasting tolerance after 3 to 5 years of treatment.
How Effective Are Allergy Drops?
As for allergy drops, Healthline reports that allergy drops can be very effective for treating allergic rhinitis caused by common allergens like ragweed, certain grasses, and dust mites. When used for these specific allergens, they may work just as well as allergy shots and tend to have fewer side effects.
Many allergists recommend drops mainly for patients with mild to moderate symptoms or those with fewer allergens to treat.
Which Fits Better With Your Lifestyle?
When deciding between allergy shots and drops, it’s important to consider how each treatment fits into your daily life. Factors like time availability, flexibility, and access to medical care can all influence your choice.
- Allergy shots require more structure and commitment since they must be administered at a clinic under medical supervision. This involves regular visits, especially during the initial build-up phase, and patients need to be monitored for about 30 minutes after each injection. Over time, the frequency of injections usually decreases during the maintenance phase.
- Allergy drops offer more flexibility as they can be self-administered at home. This option eliminates the need for frequent clinic visits, making it ideal for those with busy schedules or limited access to medical facilities. However, allergy drops require daily use over several years to be effective.
If your schedule doesn’t allow for regular clinic visits, allergy drops may be more practical. But if you prefer a medically supervised and well-established method—especially for severe allergies—shots might provide better long-term results.
Allergy Immunotherapy Side Effects
Understanding the potential risks and side effects is important with any treatment involving allergens:
- Allergy shots carry a higher risk of systemic reactions, such as redness or swelling at the injection site, and in rare cases, hives, asthma symptoms, or anaphylaxis. For this reason, they are administered in a clinical setting where emergency care is available.
- Allergy drops tend to cause milder side effects like mouth irritation or mild stomach discomfort and are generally considered safer for home use. Serious reactions are rare but should always be reported to your provider.
Because both treatments expose you to allergens, close supervision by an allergy expert is essential to ensure safety and proper dosing throughout therapy.
Are Allergy Shots Or Drops Covered by Insurance?
Cost can also be a deciding factor between allergy drops and shots. Allergy shots are typically covered by most insurance plans, making them more accessible for many patients.
Allergy drops, on the other hand, are often considered off-label and therefore not covered by insurance. While they may save time and travel costs, the out-of-pocket expenses for long-term treatment can add up.
It’s important to consult your provider about your insurance coverage and out-of-pocket expectations before starting any therapy.
Who Is a Good Candidate For Each Treatment?
Not everyone responds to allergy treatments in the same way, and personal preferences or medical conditions can influence which option works best. Here’s a general guide to help identify which type of immunotherapy may suit different needs:
For instance, allergy shots are often recommended for:
- Patients with multiple allergies.
- Individuals with moderate to severe symptoms.
- Those looking for a treatment with curative potential.
- People with asthma triggered by allergens (under medical supervision).
Allergy drops may be a better fit for:
- Children or adults who are needle-phobic.
- Those with mild to moderate allergies.
- Patients with limited access to an allergy clinic.
- Individuals allergic to specific allergens like grass or dust mites.
In all cases, an allergy test is key. It helps pinpoint your specific triggers and allows your provider to tailor the best treatment plan for your situation.
How To Choose The Best Treatment For You
Ultimately, the decision between allergy shots and allergy drops depends on your lifestyle, allergy profile, and medical history:
- Shots offer faster and often stronger results but require more time at the clinic.
- Drops offer convenience but may be slower to work and are generally used for simpler allergy cases.
No matter which path you choose, the goal is the same: lasting allergy relief and a better quality of life. Working closely with your provider will ensure that your treatment is safe, effective, and personalized.
Find Lasting Relief With San Tan Allergy & Asthma
At San Tan Allergy & Asthma, our team of board-certified allergists in San Tan is here to help you breathe easier. Whether you’re considering allergy shots or drops, we offer personalized care plans based on your unique needs.
With locations serving Gilbert, Mesa, Chandler, Tempe, Scottsdale, and the entire Phoenix Valley, expert allergy care is never far away. Schedule your consultation today and take the first step toward long-term relief. Contact us today!
